The attenuation of each core was very low for MCFs (0.175–0.181 dB/km at 1550 nm) because of the pure-silica cores. Express, © Copyright 2020 | The Optical Society. With old age, DNA methylation of the genome declines [187]. The vagus nerve itself shows a response to the oral administration of the bacterial pathogen Citrobacter rodentium [50] and Campylobacter jejuni [51], and this response is accompanied by anxiety-like behavior in infected mice. And since even a short portion of fiber, over which a tiny coupling coefficient may apply, is many thousands of wavelengths long, even that small coupling between the two polarization modes, applied coherently, can lead to a large power transfer to the horizontal mode, completely changing the wave's net state of polarization. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Results indicate that temperature, PRBS length, modulation format and signaling rate impact the intensity and volatility of inter-core crosstalk. Express 20(26) B94-B103 (2012), Xueqin Xie, Jiajing Tu, Xian Zhou, Keping Long, and Kunimasa Saitoh Table 2 gives performance data for (i) a standard LSC without background reduction features and (ii) a range of modern LSCs. In cases where the acetylated sites are also ubiquitinated, the acetylation event may prevent turnover of the protein by the proteasome [183]. © 2019 The Author (s) You will have access to both the presentation and article (if available). Polar interaction between the SP and proteins (such as heparin cofactor II) is responsible for anticoagulant activity. Since the array-waveguide region occupies a large area, accumulated phase errors become quite large. Once the background count rate is determined, most modern LSAs store the background pulse height spectrum in computer memory. Alternatively, stress permanently induced in the fiber will produce stress birefringence; this may be accomplished using rods of another material included within the cladding. Express 18(14), 15122–15129 (2010). B. Zhu, T. Taunay, M. Fishteyn, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, M. Yan, J. Fini, E. Monberg, and F. Dimarcello, “Space-, wavelength-, polarization-division multiplexed transmission of 56-Tb/s over a 76.8-km seven-core fiber,” in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2011), paper PDPB7. If unclad fibers were used, light would leak from a fiber to its nearest neighbors (, Enhanced passive shield + liquid scintillator anticoincidence shield + PAC, Enhanced passive shield + liquid scintillator anticoincidence shield + PAC in low-background laboratory, Enhanced passive shield + NaI(Tl) anticoincidence shield, Pulse-shape analysis + BGO quasi-active guard. The path length difference of AWG is ΔL = 1271 μm in 64 array waveguides. If unclad fibers were used, light would leak from a fiber to its nearest neighbors (crosstalk), and the quality of the image would deteriorate. Most of the lines are parallel and run from one connector to the other. Metabolism plays a major role in regulating histone and DNA modifications involved in epigenetic processes [179]. Figure 5. Stimulation of the PVN in particular is interesting given its proximity to, and interconnectivity with, the SCN [53,54]. There is still much to learn about the plethora of histone PTMs and how these modifications crosstalk with each other and with DNA modifications. In an telephone circuit, crosstalk can result in your hearing part of a voice conversation from another circuit. The latter serve important roles in attracting or repelling the binding of non-histone proteins and/or chromatin modifying enzymes (the readers). Opt. NEXT (Near-End Crosstalk) Most commonly appears at the distance of 20-30 meters from the transmitter (60-90 feet). We designed and fabricated a multi-core fiber (MCF) in which seven identical trench-assisted pure-silica cores were arranged hexagonally. Driving a highspeed, well-adapted bus requires a lot of power because of the low impedance (below 100 Ω) of the transmission lines. This functionality is provided solely for your convenience and is in no way intended to replace human translation. Designed Optical Properties of Each MCF Core at λ = 1550 nm, Optical Properties of Each Core of the Fabricated MCF, Learn more about our response to COVID-19 including information for, Tetsuya Hayashi, Toshiki Taru, Osamu Shimakawa, Takashi Sasaki, and Eisuke Sasaoka, "Design and fabrication of ultra-low crosstalk and low-loss multi-core fiber," Opt. T. Hayashi, T. Taru, O. Shimakawa, T. Sasaki, and E. Sasaoka, “Ultra-low-crosstalk multi-core fiber feasible to ultra-long-haul transmission,” in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2011), paper PDPC2. The bus usually looks like a printed circuit board covered with connectors. Express 19(26) B543-B550 (2011), K. Takenaga, Y. Arakawa, S. Tanigawa, N. Guan, S. Matsuo, K. Saitoh, and M. Koshiba, “An investigation on crosstalk in multi-core fibers by introducing random fluctuation along longitudinal direction,” IEICE Trans. Thus, many modern LSCs used for 14C dating contain one or more of the following background reduction features. The same group demonstrated in a later paper that a similar challenge with C. jejuni could induce activation of autonomic areas such as the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), medial prefrontal cortex and basolateral amygdala [52], though they did not assess whether vagotomy could prevent this signal from being transduced to the brain. -- Example: "gr?y" retrieves documents containing "grey" or "gray". It has been known for over half a century that certain aromatic compounds (fluors or scintillants) can convert the absorbed energy from nuclear radiation into photons of light. [Crossref], J. M. Fini, B. Zhu, T. F. Taunay, and M. F. Yan, “Statistics of crosstalk in bent multicore fibers,” Opt. Light impinging on the photocathode causes the emission of photoelectrons, which are accelerated toward the PMT anode, but before reaching it, they impinge on a series of dynodes, each of which causes an electron gain such that there is an overall gain of 107–1010 at the anode.

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