The sights, sounds and smells of the military aircraft with its radial engine provide the experience of a lifetime. Hardest hit were West Virginia (BB-48) and Oklahoma (BB-37) moored outboard at the head of Battleship Row.

No enemy fighters were in the air, nor were there any gun flashes from the ground.The effectiveness of our attack was now certain, and a message, “Surprise attack successful!” was accordingly sent to Akagi at 0753. And, if that weren’t enough, Japanese assets in the United States were frozen. The ten planes targeting Arizona (BB-39) scored four hits and three near misses. But our last lingering hope of finding any carriers present was now gone. Japan had imperial ambitions to expand to China to solve some demographical and economical problems and to take over the Chinese import market. The better men of two cabinets had been murdered or wounded because they were seen as too accommodating to the foreigners who wanted to colonize Japan or reduce the nation that had never lost a war in modern times to a vulnerable third-rate power. Pearl Harbor was the home of the U.S. Pacific Fleet. They knew they had inflicted severe damage and were eager to complete the task. On December 7, 1941 the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service struck the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Territory. Both navies had commissioned their first flattops in 1922, and they had experienced a parallel development.The six Japanese carriers bound for Hawaiian waters were arrayed in pairs: the giant sisters Akagi and Kaga in the First Carrier Division; Soryu and Hiryu in the Second; and newly commissioned Shokaku and Zuikaku in the Fifth. Not only had Kido Butai initiated a new way of warfare, but it upset the conventional wisdom that naval airpower could not compete with land-based planes. Japanese strategy in Pearl Harbor was well-planned but at the same time put together at the last minute. As a result of the Pearl Harbor attack and the nation’s response to it, the United States became a global military and political superpower. The Chicago Tribune published a top-secret war plan, “Rainbow Five” on December 4, 1941, in which the War Department made preparation arrangements for war with Japan.The day before the death of Sara Roosevelt, Franklin Roosevelt’s mother, the State Department’s rebuff of Japanese Prime Minister Konoye’s urgent request for a private talk with Roosevelt convinced the Japanese to begin serious plans for an attack.At a cabinet meeting on September 6, 1941, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto was told to attack unless Konoye somehow achieved peace terms with the United States that would not spark a revolution at home, an uprising in Korea, or the restoration of Chinese morale.

He died in 1976.Once Fuchida signaled “Tora, tora, tora,” the Japanese strategy in Pearl Harbor proceeded largely as planned. But Nagumo opted for prudence. I peered intently through my binoculars at the ships riding peacefully at anchor. Japan had imperial ambitions to expand to China to solve some demographical and economical problems and to … One of them found the sweet spot, smashing into Arizona’s forward magazine. The Attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 directly caused America’s entry to WW2 which led to the eventual launch of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, an outcome that spelled disaster for the Japanese. Historian John Lundstrom did not exaggerate when he described Kido Butai as “a 1941 atomic bomb.” But retribution was coming.Of the twenty-nine ships that had departed Japan, one escaped destruction over the next four years.


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