In total, the Japanese successfully evacuated 10,652 men from Guadalcanal. On 14 September Vandegrift moved another battalion, the A lull occurred in the air war over Guadalcanal, with no Japanese air raids occurring between 14 and 27 September due to bad weather, during which both sides reinforced their respective air units. The Americans lost about 250 killed in the operation while the Japanese suffered around 3,000 killed, about 12 to 1 in the Americans' favor.On 14 January, a Tokyo Express run delivered a battalion of troops to act as a rear guard for the Patch, wary of what he thought to be an imminent Japanese offensive, committed only a relatively small portion of his troops to continue a slow-moving offensive against Hyakutake's forces. In the pitch darkness,In the meantime, around 02:00 on 14 November, a cruiser and destroyer force under Gunichi Mikawa from Rabaul conducted an unopposed bombardment of Henderson Field. 14–15. 40–41; Griffith, pp. Now aware of the approach of the large Japanese reinforcement convoy, the U.S. desperately sought some way to interdict the convoy before it could reach Guadalcanal.
237–246; and Griffith, pp. Guadalcanal (Isatabu) is a tropical island in the South-Western Pacific.
Allied naval carrier forces in the area, now under the overall command of The two opposing carrier forces confronted each other on the morning of 26 October, in what became known as the In order to exploit the victory in the Battle for Henderson Field, Vandegrift sent six Marine battalions, later joined by one U.S. Army battalion, on an offensive west of the Matanikau. As many as three-quarters of the deaths were from non-combat causes such as starvation and various tropical diseases.While the Battle of Midway is viewed as a turning point in the Pacific War, Japan remained on the offensive, as shown by its advances down the Solomon Islands. 598–618; and Lundstrom, p. 456. 150–152.Dull, p. 261, Frank, pp. Assisting the Americans in the latter stages of campaign were Fijiian Frank, pp. U.S. Marine artillery, cannon, and small arms fire repulsed the attacks, destroying all the tanks and killing many of the Japanese soldiers while suffering only light casualties.Finally, late on 24 October Maruyama's forces reached the U.S. Lunga perimeter. This force sortied from Truk on 23 August. News agencies sent some of their most talented writers, as it was the first major American combat operation of the war.Air battles over Henderson Field and strengthening of the Lunga defensesBattle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea HorseAir battles over Henderson Field and strengthening of the Lunga defensesBattle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea HorseZimmerman documents the participation by native Solomon Islanders in the campaign at Jersey, pp. The two battleships, In early November, Allied intelligence learned that the Japanese were preparing again to try to retake Henderson Field.Around 01:30 on 13 November, Callaghan's force intercepted Abe's bombardment group between Guadalcanal and Savo Island. Most of the captured personnel were Korean slave laborers assigned to Japanese naval construction units. 376–378; Morison, Frank, pp. Three major land battles, seven large naval battles (five nighttime surface actions and two carrier battles), and almost daily aerial battles culminated in the decisive The campaign followed the successful Allied defensive actions at the The Japanese made two attempts to continue their strategic initiative, and offensively extend their outer defensive perimeter in the south and central Pacific to where they could threaten Australia and Hawaii or the U.S. West Coast. 319–342; Morison, Frank, pp. 141–143. Between 9 and 11 November, Shōji and between 2,000 and 3,000 of his men escaped into the jungle to the south. Because of the loss of their positions on the east side of the Matanikau, the Japanese decided that an attack on the U.S. defenses along the coast would be prohibitively difficult. Most of the survivors from Shōji's force joined other Japanese units defending the Mount Austen and upper Matanikau River area.Tokyo Express runs on 5, 7, and 9 November delivered additional troops from the Japanese 38th Infantry Division, including most of the 228th Infantry Regiment to Guadalcanal.
139–142; Morison, Hara, pp. )Hough, pp.
Attempts to use only submarines the last two weeks in November failed to provide sufficient food for Hyakutake's forces. However, Admiral King's argument for the Guadalcanal invasion, as well as its successful implementation, convinced Roosevelt that the Pacific Theater could be pursued offensively as well. The next night Kawaguchi faced Edson's 830 Raiders with 3,000 troops of his brigade plus an assortment of light artillery. The American forces suffered 40 killed and 120 wounded in the operation.Meanwhile, on 4 November, two companies from the 2nd Marine Raider Battalion, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel On 5 November, Vandegrift ordered Carlson to take his raiders, to march overland from Aola, and to attack any of Shōji's forces that had escaped from Koli Point.
248–249; and Smith, pp. Work began on the airfield immediately, mainly using captured Japanese equipment. 304–305, 345–346, 363, 365; Hough, pp.