By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica.Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. For the 16th and 17th century covenants, see Covenanter and Solemn League and Covenant.
In 1638 a group of nobles met at Greyfriars Kirkyard in Edinburgh and signed an agreement that they called the National Covenant of Scotland.

Speaking at the tricentenary of the National Covenant’s first subscription, Hugh Watt described how the Covenanters’ legacy had come to ‘carry more fringes and tassels than a mid-Victorian mantelpiece’.¹ The Covenanters and their impact on Scottish (and wider British) history remains contested: they are reviled by those who decry their fanaticism and lauded by those who promote them as presbyterian martyrs. The Scottish Covenant 2019 We, the people of Scotland who subscribe to this Engagement, declare our belief that reform in the constitution of our country is necessary to secure good government in accordance with our Scottish traditions and to promote the social and economic welfare of our nation. It rejected the attempt by King Charles I and William Laud , archbishop of Canterbury , to force the Scottish church to conform … Copies were distributed throughout Scotland for signing on a wave of popular support. Februar 1638 in einem Treueeid auf den National Covenant verpflichteten, für ihre Kirche am Presbyterianismus festzuhalten. Those who hesitated were often intimidated into signing and clergymen who opposed it were deposed. When many Scots signed a national covenant to defend their Presbyterian religion, the king decided to enforce his ecclesiastical policy with the sword.

He was outmanoeuvred by a well-organized Scottish covenanting army, and by the time he reached York in March 1639 the first of the so-called Bishops’ Wars was… The Scottish National Covenant I n 1637, King Charles I and Archbishop Laud tried to bring the separate churches of England and Scotland closer together, firstly by the introduction of a new Book of Canons to replace John Knox's Book of Discipline as the authority for the organisation of the Kirk, and secondly by the introduction of a modified form of the Book of Common Prayer into Scotland. Als Covenanters (von englisch covenant – „Bundesschluss“) bezeichnet man diejenigen schottischen Gruppierungen, die sich am 28. Within days it had been signed by the people of Edinburgh and copies were then sent around the country for other people to sign. Led by the lords In February 1638, at a ceremony in Greyfriars Kirk in Edinburgh, large numbers of Scottish noblemen, gentry, clergy and burgesses signed the Covenant, committing themselves under God to preserving the purity of the Kirk. Covenanters is the term generally used for a 17th century Scottish religious and political movement. National Covenant, solemn agreement inaugurated by Scottish churchmen on Feb. 28, 1638, in the Greyfriars’ churchyard, Edinburgh.

Get kids back-to-school ready with Expedition: Learn! The covenant … It was essentially a statement of independence in religious matters and a protest against English influence in church matters.

They affirmed their loyalty to the king, but asserted the legality of the kirk and its customs.
Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Similar demonstrations occurred in all the churches of Edinburgh where the new liturgy was introduced.During the following months, the protest grew into a campaign of petitions and supplications denouncing the Laudian prayer book and criticising the power of the bishops. In a few weeks it had been signed by people throughout the Lowlands of Scotland, including almost all the nobles. This was followed by a riot and an attempt to stone the Bishop of Edinburgh. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. By the end of May 1638, the only areas of Scotland where the Covenant had not been widely accepted were the remote western highlands and the counties of Aberdeen and Banff, where resistance to it was led by the Royalist The Covenanter movement became the dominant political and religious force in Scotland following the In 1643, during the English Civil War, the objectives of the Covenant were incorporated into the David Plant, The Scottish National Covenant, BCW Project A group of godly Edinburgh women organised a popular protest and, according to tradition, Jenny Geddes flung her prayer stool at the dean of the High Kirk of St Giles in Edinburgh on 23 July 1637 when he tried to read from the new prayer book for the first time. History at your fingertips The signing of the National Covenant has been called the biggest event in Scottish history. The covenant was first signed at Greyfriars churchyard in Edinburgh on the 28th of February 1638, after any objections to it had been heard and answered. In general, supporters advocated a Presbyterian Church of Scotland, or kirk, and the primacy of religious leaders over the monarchy.


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