[35], The cave bear inhabited low mountainous areas, especially in regions rich in limestone caves. The Cave Bear vs. the Cave Lion: Who Wins? The fragment was dated to more than 300,000 years ago, which made the genome among the oldest ever reconstructed outside of a permafrost environment. [46] In a study of Spanish cave bear mtDNA, each cave used by cave bears was found to contain almost exclusively a unique lineage of closely related haplotypes, indicating a homing behaviour for birthing and hibernation. Recent years have seen major discoveries of mammoths, woolly rhinos, Ice Age foal, several puppies and cave lion cubs as the permafrost melts across vast areas in Russia's region of Siberia. Unlike the case with another mammalian megafauna of the Pleistocene epoch, there's no evidence that human beings hunted Cave Bears to extinction. The average weight for males was 350 to 600 kg (770 to 1,320 lb),[19] though some specimens weighed as much as 1,000 kg (2,200 lb),[20] while females weighed 225 to 250 kg (495 to 550 lb). In a statement issued by the university, researcher Lena Grigorieva emphasized that “this is the first and only find of its kind — a whole bear carcass with soft tissues.”, “It is completely preserved, with all internal organs in place, including even its nose,” Grigorieva said. That proboscidean, uncovered in 2013, is only one of quite the haul of Pleistocene creatures found lately in Yakutia: not just a healthy share of mammoths, but also a horse foal (from which, you’ll be interested to know, the world’s “most ancient liquid urine” – about 42,000 years old – was extracted), a grimacing wolf head, scruffy little cave-lion cubs, ancient puppies, and woolly rhinos. Follow him @CutoffMountain. For example, toothmarks on cave bear remains in areas where cave bears are the only recorded potential carnivores suggests occasional cannibalistic scavenging,[27][28] possibly on individuals that died during hibernation, and dental microwear analysis indicates the cave bear may have fed on a greater quantity of bone than its contemporary, the smaller Eurasian brown bear. [35], Between the years 1917 and 1923, the Drachenloch cave in Switzerland was excavated by Emil Bächler. Over the million or so years of their existence, Cave Bears were more or less prevalent in various parts of Europe and it's relatively easy to identify when any given individual lived. The find, revealed by the melting permafrost, was discovered on the Lyakhovsky Islands with its teeth and even its nose intact. These changes give a window into evolution in action since these dental changes correlate with food becoming more and more scarce toward the beginning of the last Ice Age. [10] The immediate precursor of the cave bear was probably Ursus deningeri (Deninger's bear), a species restricted to Pleistocene Europe about 1.8 Mya to 100,000 years ago. [38] In Archaeology, Religion, Ritual (2004), archaeologist Timothy Insoll strongly questions whether the Drachenloch finds in the stone cist were the result of human interaction. This specialized hibernation behavior would have caused a high winter mortality rate for cave bears that failed to find available caves. This reflects the views of experts that cave bears may have spent more time in caves than the brown bear, which uses caves only for hibernation. The excavation uncovered more than 30,000 cave bear skeletons. Patrick Bürgler. Cave bear remains have been found in England, Belgium, Germany, Russia, Spain, Italy, and Greece, and the animal may have reached North Africa. Image ©, World's first perfectly preserved cave bear unearthed in Siberia (photos), The cave bear is in as impeccable shape as you could expect from a beast that kicked the bucket sometime between 22,000 and 39,000 years ago. Jean Auel's novel "The Clan of the Cave Bear" made it famous the world over, but the Cave Bear (Ursus spelaeus) was intimately familiar to Homo sapiens for thousands of generations before the modern era. The cave bear’s weight ranged from 400 to 1,000 kg (about 880 to 2,200 pounds), the largest cave bears being comparable in size to the Kodiak bears (U. arctos middendorffi) of Alaska and the polar bears (U. maritimus) of the Arctic. This cave bear carcass is in about as impeccable shape as you could expect from a beast that kicked the bucket sometime between 22,000 and 39,000 years ago.

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